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Research Article
Exploring Spatial and Temporal Temperature Trends and Characteristics for Sustainable Agricultural Planning in Southern Taraba
Patrick Sunday Asa*
,
Luka Yohanna
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
239-247
Received:
30 September 2024
Accepted:
22 October 2024
Published:
22 November 2024
Abstract: Knowledge of the past, present and current temperatures in all parts of the atmosphere are crucial for weather forecasting and agricultural practices. Air temperature is one of the most sensitive indicators of the dynamical and physical processes in the atmosphere. It is affected by interactions between air and land or ocean, by the radiation received from the Sun and emitted by the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface, by chemical interactions among others. This paper examined trends and characteristics of temperature in Southern Taraba. Temperature data for the period 1993-2022 were obtained from WorldClim.org. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences was used to determine descriptive statistics of the temperature; linear trend analysis was used to determine the trend of the changes while Fisher's F-test was employed to determine the statistical significance of the changes. The result of the study shows that average values of mean temperature for the period 1993-2022 vary from 27.64°C at Ussa station to 28.17°C while average mean temperature range for the period of study was 2.60°C. Linear trend analysis results of temperature shows positive values indicating a significant general rise in temperature over the study period in all the stations. The study recommends proper dissemination of agro-climatic information for appropriate adjustment and adaptations by farmers in the study for sustainable agricultural development.
Abstract: Knowledge of the past, present and current temperatures in all parts of the atmosphere are crucial for weather forecasting and agricultural practices. Air temperature is one of the most sensitive indicators of the dynamical and physical processes in the atmosphere. It is affected by interactions between air and land or ocean, by the radiation recei...
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Research Article
Unvieling the Mineral Wealth of Kogi State, Nigeria: A Comprehensive Inventory and Assessment
Shaibu Isah,
Bello Aliyu*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
248-281
Received:
13 October 2024
Accepted:
6 November 2024
Published:
9 December 2024
Abstract: Kogi State, Nigeria, is a remarkable repository of mineral resources, yet its potential remains largely unrecognized. Strategically located between latitude 6°30' N and 8°45' N and longitude 5°18' E and 7°53' E, Kogi is bordered by several states and covers approximately 30,345.74 km². It comprises three Senatorial Districts and twenty-one Local Government Areas, making it a vital hub for mineral exploration. In response to the urgent need for economic diversification, the Kogi State Government has initiated a comprehensive geological investigation aimed at unlocking the wealth of solid minerals. This endeavor began with an extensive desk study that reviewed geological maps, airborne geophysical data, and satellite imagery to identify promising areas for field exploration. Following this, meticulous fieldwork was conducted in collaboration with local communities to gather insights and samples from various terrains, including abandoned mines and active quarries. A total of 244 samples were collected for laboratory analysis, ensuring a thorough understanding of the mineral landscape. Kogi State is endowed with a diverse array of minerals: metallic resources such as iron ore and tantalite; industrial minerals including kaolin, gypsum, and marble; precious minerals like gold; and energy resources such as coal. As living standards rise, so does the demand for these essential resources across sectors such as agriculture, construction, and energy. The state aims to attract investment by focusing on eight key minerals with significant economic potential. The vision for Kogi State is clear: fostering private sector involvement in the mining and processing industries can catalyze rapid industrialization. This strategic approach will not only enhance local economies but also create much-needed job opportunities for the youth eager for employment. The development of industries ranging from steel production to ceramics manufacturing will elevate Kogi's economic profile. In conclusion, Kogi State stands at a pivotal juncture where its abundant mineral resources can be harnessed for sustainable growth. Through strategic investments in exploration and development, Kogi can transform its mineral wealth into a beacon of prosperity for its people and the nation as a whole.
Abstract: Kogi State, Nigeria, is a remarkable repository of mineral resources, yet its potential remains largely unrecognized. Strategically located between latitude 6°30' N and 8°45' N and longitude 5°18' E and 7°53' E, Kogi is bordered by several states and covers approximately 30,345.74 km². It comprises three Senatorial Districts and twenty-one Local Go...
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Research Article
Control of Calotropis procera Infestation in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
282-288
Received:
9 October 2024
Accepted:
21 November 2024
Published:
10 December 2024
Abstract: A targeted herbicide application was used in this study in Ruaha National Park to control the considerable infestation of Calotropis procera and minimize its adverse ecological effects on the ecosystem. A specific plants trial was set up at Msembe site using a Randomized Complete Block Design. The site had an estimate of more than 370 ha infested with C. procera. The site was portioned by establishing square sampling plots of 35m x 35m, within which 42 sub-plots (5m x 5m) were randomly distributed. Three replicates of each of seven herbicide treatments were administered using a specific treatment preparation to incisions made to stems and branches of calotropes. Results indicated a significant variation (p < 0.001) of calotrope mortality caused by treatments and period of herbicide application. A significant (p< 0.001) interaction was observed between treatments and herbicide application period. The main factor that contributed to the interaction was the glyphosate herbicide dilution. High content of glyphosate (50–100%) killed more than 75% of Calotrope when applied before noon while lower content (<50%), i.e. 5% and 12.5% were effective when applied in the noon and afternoon killing about 50% of the Calotrope. Irrespective of glyphosate application period, plant mortality increased with increasing glyphosate content and variation in glyphosate treatments was significant at p<0.001. Mixing of glyphosate and 2,4-D herbicides resulted in relatively lower calotrope mortality than glyphosate treatments alone. It was concluded that diluted and concentrated glyphosate herbicide solutions were most effective in controlling calotrope. However, the efficacy of diluted herbicide solutions (<50%) was high when applied in the afternoon and efficacy of concentrated herbicide solutions was high when applied before noon. Mixing of glyphosate and 2, 4-D resulted in low efficacy. It was envisaged that while diluted concentrations of herbicide are more effective, it is plausible to consider best time of effective herbicide application to control specific invasive plant species.
Abstract: A targeted herbicide application was used in this study in Ruaha National Park to control the considerable infestation of Calotropis procera and minimize its adverse ecological effects on the ecosystem. A specific plants trial was set up at Msembe site using a Randomized Complete Block Design. The site had an estimate of more than 370 ha infested w...
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Research Article
Explore the Governance Method of Network Environment from the Stratification of the Internet
Xiong Yiren*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
289-296
Received:
8 November 2024
Accepted:
25 November 2024
Published:
10 December 2024
Abstract: Due to the maturity of electronic media communication and the increasingly strong requirements of people for boundaries in real life, more and more people are eager to find their belonging from the Internet, which has led to the formation of today's Internet stratification. Under the influence of the lack of barriers to access to Internet information, the poor network environment has also become a major network chaos that has been criticized by the Internet people. Based on the survey results, the phenomenon of the network circle is studied, the reasons and characteristics of the formation of the network circle are analyzed, and two Internet environment governance methods of relaxation and barrier improvement are proposed.
Abstract: Due to the maturity of electronic media communication and the increasingly strong requirements of people for boundaries in real life, more and more people are eager to find their belonging from the Internet, which has led to the formation of today's Internet stratification. Under the influence of the lack of barriers to access to Internet informati...
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Research Article
Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Study of Groundwater Aquifer in Wasit Governorate - East of Iraq
Hussein Ilaibi Zamil Al-Sudani*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
297-307
Received:
9 October 2024
Accepted:
4 November 2024
Published:
12 December 2024
Abstract: The main aim of groundwater studies is to assess the physical and chemical characterizations of water-bearing layers as a goal for assessing their suitability for various purposes Wasit Governorate, which is located in eastern Iraq, is an important area in terms of agriculture and poultry and livestock husbandry. The area mainly depends on groundwater, especially on the Iraqi-Iranian border. The area was investigated (40) wells inventoried during the field study and used to demonstrate the hydrogeological and hydrochemical properties. The groundwater aquifer is composed of Quaternary deposits and Mukdadiyah formation. The mean thickness, transmissivity, and maximum yields were 53 meters, 114 m2/day, and 600 m3/day, respectively. The groundwater moved partially to the western parts and mainly towards the southern parts of the area towards Shuwaicha Marsh, which is located outside the study area. The salinity map showed a regular decrease in salinity concentrations towards the central and southwestern parts of the area due to groundwater recharge from infiltrated surface water. The groundwater is brackish to saline, with two dominant calcium and sodium sulphate types. The central area between Zurbatia and Badra towns can be a qualified location to increase well drilling due to salinity decreasing as the transmissivity and maximum yields increase.
Abstract: The main aim of groundwater studies is to assess the physical and chemical characterizations of water-bearing layers as a goal for assessing their suitability for various purposes Wasit Governorate, which is located in eastern Iraq, is an important area in terms of agriculture and poultry and livestock husbandry. The area mainly depends on groundwa...
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Research Article
Sedimentological Analysis of the Facies from the Maastrichtian to Eocene Ages of the Ader Doutchi Sub-basin and Chronological Timing of the Different Fracturing Episodes
Karimou Laouali Idi*,
Habsatou Ousmane,
Ibrahim Abdou Ali,
Hassan Ibrahim Maharou,
Daouda Illia Allo,
Abdourazakou Maman Hassan,
Moussa Konate
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
308-316
Received:
23 November 2024
Accepted:
7 December 2024
Published:
25 December 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.earth.20241306.16
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Abstract: The present study covered the Ader Doutchi sub-basin, corresponding to the south-eastern part of the Iullemmeden basin. The sediment fill of the Ader Doutchi sub-basin is made up of deposits from the Maastrichtian to Eocene ages. The objective of this study is to: (i) analyze the vertical sequence of facies, (ii) identify the main fractures, (iii) chronologically map the main fractures from field observations and (iv) Determine the time sequence of major fracking events. The methodology implemented is based on field and laboratory work. The field work consisted of the survey of lithostratigraphic sections, with sampling and structural measurements. The laboratory work is all about processing structural data using the Win-Tensor 5-8-9 program. The sedimentological analysis of Maastrichtian to Ypresian deposits (lower eocene) reveals two main facies: one clay and the other marno-limestone. The analysis of fractures in the studied formations highlights three episodes of fracturing, D1, D2 and D3, associated with the Maastrichtian, Paleogene and Ypresian age deposits.
Abstract: The present study covered the Ader Doutchi sub-basin, corresponding to the south-eastern part of the Iullemmeden basin. The sediment fill of the Ader Doutchi sub-basin is made up of deposits from the Maastrichtian to Eocene ages. The objective of this study is to: (i) analyze the vertical sequence of facies, (ii) identify the main fractures, (iii) ...
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